UEFI is the modern firmware often called BIOS. It initializes hardware before the OS and selects the boot drive. Settings commonly include boot order and fan curves. XMP and EXPO load memory speed, timing and voltage profiles. If a profile causes instability, return to default memory settings.
Secure Boot checks signatures in the startup chain. TPM 2.0 protects cryptographic keys and is used by features such as BitLocker. Before changing boot or TPM settings, record current values and make sure the recovery key is available outside the PC. Update only with firmware for the exact model and board revision, follow the manufacturer’s steps and keep power connected.